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Surgical Aspects of Opercular Epilepsies -
Operculoinsular epilepsy presents diagnostic and surgical challenges due to the complex anatomy of the opercula, the underlying insula, and their intimate relationships with major vascular and subcortical white matter tracts. Comprehensive evaluation relies on detailed seizure semiology, high-resolution structural and functional neuroimaging, and invasive monitoring (namely, stereoelectroenceph...
Rhythmic and Periodic Patterns and Seizures in Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy -
Cardiac arrest is a major cause of hypoxic-ischemic brain injury, often resulting in coma even after the return of spontaneous circulation. In this severely ill population, accurate neurologic prognostication is essential for guiding treatment decisions. Continuous electroencephalography (EEG) has become a cornerstone of postcardiac arrest care, offering real-time monitoring of cerebral activit...
Direct Electrical Stimulation of the Opercula -
Direct electrical stimulation (DES) has long been used in patients undergoing epilepsy surgery for two key purposes: functional brain mapping and seizure triggering. In this review, the findings from DES applications to the opercula are synthesized, with the aim of mapping opercular functions and investigating seizure induction. Clinical responses to opercular DES are frequent and diverse, show...
SEEG Implantation for Opercular Epilepsies -
Insulo-opercular epilepsies are rare, and pure opercular epilepsies are even rarer in the field of epilepsy surgery. They represent a complex form of focal epilepsy, often associated with noninformative MRI findings and, in some cases, extensive epileptogenic networks. In this context, stereoelectroencephalography (SEEG) is a critical tool for precise characterization of the epileptogenic zone ...
An Elderly Patient With Status Epilepticus Caused by a Dural Arteriovenous Fistula -
Dural arteriovenous fistulas (DAVFs) are a rare cause of epilepsy. Therefore, they can be misdiagnosed or overlooked. We report a case of an 84-year-old female with Alzheimer's disease who developed status epilepticus as the initial manifestation of the left transverse sinus DAVF. On admission, symptomatic epilepsy secondary to Alzheimer's disease was suspected, and medical therapy was started;...
A Novel Intracellular Domain Missense Variant in GRM7 Associated with Early-Onset Neurodevelopmental Encephalopathy -
CONCLUSION: This report adds further clinical and genetic evidence to the growing literature on GRM7-associated neurodevelopmental disorders and highlights the potential relevance of intracellular domain variants, which are underrepresented in the current literature. GRM7 should be included in diagnostic gene panels for infantile-onset epilepsy and developmental delay, particularly in populatio...
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